2

Organotopic organization of the porcine mid-cervical vagus nerve

Despite detailed characterization of fascicular organization of somatic nerves, the functional anatomy of fascicles evident in human and large mammal cervical vagus nerve is unknown. The vagus nerve is a prime target for intervention in the field of …

Overcoming temporal dispersion for measurement of activity-related impedance changes in unmyelinated nerves

_Objective_. Fast neural electrical impedance tomography is an imaging technique that has been successful in visualising electrically evoked activity of myelinated fibres in peripheral nerves by measurement of the impedance changes (dZ) accompanying …

Simplifying the hardware requirements for fast neural EIT of peripheral nerves

_Objective_. The main objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of lowering the hardware requirements for fast neural electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in order to support the distribution of this technique. Specifically, the …

Selective neuromodulation of the vagus nerve

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective technique for the treatment of refractory epilepsy and shows potential for the treatment of a range of other serious conditions. However, until now stimulation has generally been supramaximal and …

Selective vagus nerve stimulation as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of ARDS: a rationale for neuro-immunomodulation in COVID-19

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most severe form of acute lung injury. It is induced by sepsis, aspiration, and pneumonia, including that caused by SARS coronavirus and human influenza viruses. The main pathophysiological mechanism …

Fascicle localisation within peripheral nerves through evoked activity recordings: A comparison between electrical impedance tomography and multi-electrode arrays

_Background_: The lack of understanding of fascicular organisation in peripheral nerves limits the potential of vagus nerve stimulation therapy. Two promising methods may be employed to identify the functional anatomy of fascicles within the nerve: …

Common clonal origin of conventional T cells and induced regulatory T cells in breast cancer patients

Regulatory CD4+ T cells (Treg) prevent tumor clearance by conventional T cells (Tconv) comprising a major obstacle of cancer immune-surveillance. Hitherto, the mechanisms of Treg repertoire formation in human cancers remain largely unclear. Here, we …

A circadian clock in the sinus node mediates day-night rhythms in Hcn4 and heart rate

BACKGROUND. Heart rate follows a diurnal variation, and slow heart rhythms occur primarily at night. OBJECTIVE. The lower heart rate during sleep is assumed to be neural in origin, but here we tested whether a day-night difference in intrinsic …

Imaging fascicular organization of rat sciatic nerves with fast neural electrical impedance tomography

Here, we validate EIT imaging in rat sciatic nerve by comparison to micro-computed tomography (microCT) and histology with fluorescent dextran tracers.

Selective optogenetic stimulation of efferent fibers in the vagus nerve of a large mammal

BACKGROUND. Electrical stimulation applied to individual organs, peripheral nerves, or specific brain regions has been used to treat a range of medical conditions. In cardiovascular disease, autonomic dysfunction contributes to the disease …